06-26-2024, 04:18 PM
Hacking involves various techniques and methods used to gain unauthorized access to systems or data. Here are some common aspects:
- Social Engineering: Manipulating people into divulging confidential information. Examples include phishing, pretexting, baiting, and tailgating.
- Malware: Malicious software designed to damage, disrupt, or gain unauthorized access to computer systems. Common types include viruses, worms, trojans, ransomware, spyware, and adware.
- Exploits: Taking advantage of vulnerabilities or weaknesses in software, hardware, or networks. This can include exploiting zero-day vulnerabilities, buffer overflows, and SQL injection.
- Password Cracking: Methods to discover or guess passwords, including brute force attacks, dictionary attacks, and rainbow tables.
- Network Sniffing: Intercepting and analyzing network traffic to capture sensitive data, such as passwords and credit card information. Tools like Wireshark are commonly used for this purpose.
- Privilege Escalation: Gaining higher access levels within a system, typically by exploiting vulnerabilities, to perform unauthorized actions.
- Denial of Service (DoS) and Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS): Overwhelming a network, service, or website with traffic to make it unavailable to users.
- Rootkits: Software tools that enable persistent, undetected control over a computer system by hiding their existence and the existence of other malicious software.
- Backdoors: Secret methods of bypassing normal authentication or encryption in a computer system, product, or embedded device.
- Keyloggers: Software or hardware that records keystrokes made on a keyboard, often used to capture sensitive information like passwords and credit card numbers.
- Remote Access Tools (RATs): Software that allows a hacker to control a computer remotely, often used for espionage, data theft, or system manipulation.
- Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) Attacks: Intercepting and potentially altering communication between two parties without their knowledge.